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1871

Years: 1868 1869 1870 - 1871 - 1872 1873 1874

Decades: 1840s 1850s 1860s - 1870s - 1880s 1890s 1900s

Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century 1871 in art 1871 in literature 1871 in music 1871 in science 1871 in sports 1871 in Canada List of state leaders in 1871 List of religious leaders in 1871

Events

January

• January 10 – Henry Morton Stanley finds David Livingstone
• January 18 - The member-states of the North German Confederation unite into a single nation-state known as the German Empire. The King of Prussia is declared the first German Emperor as Wilhelm I of Germany.
• January 28 - France surrenders to end the Franco-Prussian War

February

March

• March 1 - Ben Harney, US composer and ragtime pianist (d. 1938)
• March 22 - In North Carolina, William Holden becomes the first governor of a U.S. state to be removed from office by impeachment.
• March 21 - Marriage of Princess Louise of the United Kingdom to John Campbell, Marquess of Lorne, whose father, the 8th Duke of Argyll, is the serving Secretary of State for India
• March 26 - The Paris Commune is formally established in Paris.
• March 29 - The Royal Albert Hall is opened by Queen Victoria.

April

May

• May 11 - First trial of the case of Tichborne Claimant begins in the London Court of Common Pleas.
• May 20 - Paris Commune crushed by government forces
• May 30 - The Paris Commune is suppressed by the armed forces of the French Third Republic.

June

July

• July 20 - British Columbia joins the confederation of Canada.

August

• August 31 - Adolphe Thiers becomes President of the French Republic

September

October

• October 8 - Great Chicago Fire: A large fire in Chicago, Illinois preempts news reporting of the Peshtigo, Wisconsin fire, burns 1,200,000 acres (4,900 km&sup2) in one day, eventually destroys about 17,450 buildings, kills about 250 people and leaves another 90,000 homeless. It is brought under control the next day.
• October 8 - The Peshtigo, Wisconsin fire, which burned 1,200,000 acres (4,900 km&sup2) in one day
• October 20 - The Royal Regiment of Artillery formed the first regular Canadian army units when they created two batteries of garrison artillery which eventually became The Royal Canadian Artillery.
• October 27 the Comte de Chambord refuses to be crowned 'King Henry V of France' until France abandons its tricolour and returns to the old bourbon flag.

November

• November 10 - Henry Morton Stanley locates missing explorer and missionary, Dr. David Livingstone in Ujiji, near Lake Tanganyika, and greets him saying "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?"
• November 17 - The National Rifle Association is granted a charter by the state of New York.

December

• December 10 - The German chancellor Otto von Bismarck tries to ban Catholics from the political stage by introducing harsh laws concerning the separation of church and state

Undated

• University Tests Act removes religious tests at Oxford and Cambridge
• Trade Union Act - British trade unions legalized
• Heinrich Schliemann begins the excavation of Troy
• Japan forms its own police force based on French model
• George Biddell Airy discovers astronomical aberration is independent of the local medium.
• Abolition of the Han system in Japan
• William Marcy Tweed serves his last year as the "Boss" of Tammany Hall.

Births

• January 17 - David Earl Betty of the North Sea and of Brooksby, British admiral (d. 1936)
• January 30 - Wilfred Lucas, actor (d. 1940)
• February 4 - Friedrich Ebert, president of the Weimar Republic (d. 1925)
• March 5 - Rosa Luxemburg, politician (d. 1919)
• March 27 - Heinrich Mann, narrator, dramatist and essayist (d. 1950)
• May 3 - Walter Robinson Parr , British preacher
• May 6 - Christian Morgenstern, author (d. 1914)
• May 27 - Georges Rouault, painter and graphic artist (d. 1958)
• July 17 - Lyonel Charles Feininger, German painter.
• July 25 - Richard Ernest Turner, Canadian lieutenant of the of the Royal Canadian Dragoons, awarded with the Victoria Cross for bravery during the Second Boer War.
• August 19 - Orville Wright of the Wright brothers, American co-inventor of the airplane
• August 29 - Albert Lebrun, French politician (d. 1950)
• September 26 - Winsor McCay, United States comic creator and animator (d. 1934).
• September 27 - Grazia Deledda, Sardinian writer - Nobel prize (d. 1936)
• December 9 - Joe Kelley, Baseball Hall of Famer (d. 1943)
• December 12 - Umenosuke Bessho, Japanese writer (d. 1945)
• December 13 - Emily Carr, Canadian writer
• Guangxu, Emperor of the Qing Dynasty in China.

Deaths

• February 20 - Paul Kane, painter
• September 23 - Louis-Joseph Papineau, aged 85, Canadian politician and former leader of the Patriotes Rebellion.
• October 18 - Charles Babbage, aged 79, English mathematician and inventor of computing machines.