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In baseball, a foul ball is a batted ball that is not a foul tip, and that...
When any foul or fair batted ball is caught in-flight, the batter is out. When a batter bunts foul with two strikes, he is out. Otherwise, when a batted ball becomes a foul ball, the ball is dead, all runners must return to their time-of-pitch base, and the batter continues to bat.
It is common for a ball moving in or over fair territory to become a foul ball. Batted balls can also be fair balls or foul tips.