Merengue (music)
Merengue is a type of lively, joyful music and dance that comes from the Dominican Republic. World famous Merengue singers include Juan Luis Guerra, Wilfrido Vargas, Wilfridin, Cuco Valoy, The Freddie Kenton Orquestra and Conjunto Quisqueya. Other artists popular in the Dominican Republic as of 2004 include Krispy, Tono Rosario, and Tulile.
| Merengue
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| Stylistic origins:
| Possibly Haitian méringue, Cuban UPA, Spanish contradanza, Spanish decima and African plena, or at instruments:
| Bass guitar, Diatonic accordion, Guira, Guitar, Saxophone
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| Mainstream popularity:
| Some in the early 20th century, continued pan-Latin popularity
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| Subgenres
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| Merengue cibaeño - Merengue estilo yanqui - Merengue rodondo - Pambiche - Pri-prí
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| Fusion genres
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| Merenhouse - Merenrap
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| National scenes
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| Colombia - Puerto Rico - UK - Venezuelan
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| Other topics<
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| Fusilamiento - El maco Orqestre tipica - La Voz Dominicana
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Meter: 2/4, tempo: fast.
The traditional instrumentation for a orquestra tipica, the usual performing group of folk merrengue, is a diatonic accordion, a two sided drum held on the lap, a bass resonator of some kind, and a guira. A guira (Wee-ra) is a percussion instrument that sounds like a maraca but in fact is a sheet of metal-- in practice, often from a five gallon oil can-- evenly perforated with a nail, shaped into a cylander, and played with a stiff brush. The guira is brushed steadily on the downbeat with a "and-a" thrown in at certain points, or played in more complex patterns that generally mark the time. The double headed drum is played on one side with a stick (one and two and with a strong syncopation) and with the downbeat marked on the other side with the palm of the hand.
In more urbane settings, merengue is played with all manner of instrumentation, but the drum beat and the guira are signatures. A saxophone is a popular replacement or addition to the accordion, along with electronic bass guitar and guitar. A proof of the great adaptability of the music can be found in the Dominican National Symphony's presentation in 2003 of a concert series entitled "Symphonic Merengue" in which the Symphonic Orchestra consisting of woodwinds, brass, strings, and the like played popular tunes.
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